Public Participation in the Process of Forming Law No. 3 of 2022 concerning the National Capital
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine how well Pancasila-based legal principles and the actual application of community involvement in the National Capital Law's drafting correspond. A democratic concept and constitutional right, public involvement is ingrained in Indonesian law, particularly under the Pancasila legal framework. Participatory techniques in the drafting of legislation are required by Law No. 12 of 2011. However, questions about the level of public participation surfaced during the creation of Law No. 3 of 2022 about the National Capital. This study uses a statutory and conceptual approach, using a normative legal strategy. Constitutional clauses, national laws (particularly Law No. 12 of 2011 and Law No. 3 of 2022), and legal doctrines are the main sources of data. To evaluate the degree of conformity between the formal mechanisms of law-making and Pancasila principles, secondary data from scholarly works and academic journals were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results show that there is a substantial discrepancy between the normative ideal of public engagement and how it occurs during the legislative process. Procedural shortcomings are shown in the fast legislative timeframe (43 days from proposal to ratification), the lack of substantive public hearings, and the lack of transparency in public access to records. Stakeholder participation was either completely ignored or extremely limited, especially from impacted indigenous populations. The absence of public responsiveness and participatory infrastructure undermines democratic legitimacy and runs counter to Pancasila's deliberative democracy
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Agustari, W., Widad, Z., & Asbari, M. (2022). Pancasila as the Ideology of National Development. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA), 1(6), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.4444/jisma.v1i6.129
Amal, B., & Sulistyawan, A. Y. (2022). Dinamika Ketatanegaraan Pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Hukum. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 51(4), 346–354. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.51.4.2022.346-354
Arizona, Y. (2010). Negara hukum bernurani: Gagasan Satjipto Rahardjo tentang negara hukum Indonesia. Epistema Institute.
Benia, E., & Nabilah, G. (2022). Politik Hukum dalam Proses Pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara Melalui Pembentukan Undang-Undang Ibu Kota Negara (UU IKN). Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 3(10), 806–825. https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v3i10.323
Ceccarini, L. (2021). Political Participation. In P. Harris, A. Bitonti, C. S. Fleisher, & A. Skorkjær Binderkrantz (Eds.), The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Interest Groups, Lobbying and Public Affairs (pp. 1–11). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13895-0_141-1
Chitsa, M., Sivapalan, S., Singh, B. S. M., & Lee, K. E. (2022). Citizen Participation and Climate Change within an Urban Community Context: Insights for Policy Development for Bottom-Up Climate Action Engagement. Sustainability, 14(6), 3701. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063701
Cortés-Cediel, M. E., Cantador, I., & Bolívar, M. P. R. (2021). Analyzing Citizen Participation and Engagement in European Smart Cities. Social Science Computer Review, 39(4), 592–626. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439319877478
Dedihasriadi, L. O., & Nurcahyo, E. (2020). Pancasila Sebagai Volkgeist: Pedoman Penegak Hukum dalam Mewujudkan Integritas Diri dan Keadilan. Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal), 9(1), 142. https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2020.v09.i01.p10
Eckerd, A., & Heidelberg, R. L. (2020). Administering Public Participation. The American Review of Public Administration, 50(2), 133–147. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074019871368
Frega, R. (2021). Solidarity as Social Involvement. 8(2), 179–208. https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2019-0008
Hadjon, P. M. (1987). Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Rakyat di Indonesia. PT. Bina Ilmu.
Hamdani, R. S. (2020). Proyek Lintas Batas Administrasi: Analisis Partisipasi Publik dalam Proses Perencanaan Ibu Kota Negara Republik Indonesia. Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning, 4(1), 43–62. https://doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2020.4.1.43-62
Hariati, H., & Saputri, A. S. (2022). Best Practice Kebijakan Pembangunan Ibu Kota Negara (IKN) Di Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Journal of Government and Politics (JGOP), 4(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.31764/jgop.v4i1.8218
Hügel, S., & Davies, A. R. (2020). Public participation, engagement, and climate change adaptation: A review of the research literature. WIREs Climate Change, 11(4), e645. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.645
Hunington, S. P. (1994). Partisipasi Politik di Negara Berkembang. Rineka Cipta.
Kiss, B., Sekulova, F., Hörschelmann, K., Salk, C. F., Takahashi, W., & Wamsler, C. (2022). Citizen participation in the governance of nature‐based solutions. Environmental Policy and Governance, 32(3), 247–272. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1987
Latief, Y. (2011). Negara Parpurna: Historisitas, Rasionalitas, Aktualitas Pancasila. PT Gramedia.
Lauria, M., & Slotterback, C. S. (2020). Learning from Arnstein’s Ladder: From Citizen Participation to Public Engagement (M. Lauria & C. Schively Slotterback, Eds.; 1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429290091
Mahfud, M. (2010). Perkembangan Politik Hukum: Studi tentang Pengaruh Konfigurasi Politik terhadap Produk Hukum di Indonesia. Penerbit Raja Grafindo.
Notonagoro. (1983). Pancasila Dasar Falsafah Negara: (Kumpulan Tiga Uraian Pokok-pokok Persoalan Tentang Pancasila). Bina Akasara. https://inlislite.dispustaka.sumselprov.go.id/opac/detail-opac?id=13955
Nurdin, A. (2020). Dialectics in Relationship Between Religion and State: A Correlation of Religious Principles and Ideals of Law in Indonesia. Al-Bayyinah, 4(1), 105–117. https://doi.org/10.35673/al-bayyinah.v4i1.758
Ocloo, J., Garfield, S., Franklin, B. D., & Dawson, S. (2021). Exploring the theory, barriers and enablers for patient and public involvement across health, social care and patient safety: A systematic review of reviews. Health Research Policy and Systems, 19(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00644-3
Peter Mahmud Marzuki. (2010). Penelitian Hukum. Kencana Prenada.
Putra, D. A., & Veronica, N. (2022). Pancasila Law State as an Instrument of Indonesian Legal Politics: Efforts to Achieve a Just Indonesian Legal State. Pancasila and Law Review, 3(2), 143–154. https://doi.org/10.25041/plr.v3i2.2677
Riskiyono, J. (2015). Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembentukan perundang-undangan untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan. Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial, 6(2), 159–176.
Sant’Ambrogio, M., & Staszewski, G. (2021). Democratizing Rule Development. Washington University Law Review, 98(3), 793–856.
Soerjono Soekanto, S. M. (1995). Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sofyani, H., Pratolo, S., & Saleh, Z. (2022). Do accountability and transparency promote community trust? Evidence from village government in Indonesia. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(3), 397–418. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-06-2020-0070
UU Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan, 47 (2011).
Wiratmadinata; Rani, F. A. ; P., Eddy; Djalil, Husni. (2020). Construction of legal paradigm of pancasila: A conceptual perspective. J. Legal Ethical & Regul. Isses, 23, 1.
Wu, L., Ma, T., Bian, Y., Li, S., & Yi, Z. (2020). Improvement of regional environmental quality: Government environmental governance and public participation. Science of The Total Environment, 717, 137265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137265